What is Chlamydia

Chlamydia is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. It can infect the genitals, rectum, and throat.

Common Clinical Presentation

  • Many people have no symptoms, making it easy to spread unknowingly.

  • Men: Painful urination

  • Men: Discharge from the penis (clear or cloudy)

  • Men: Testicular pain or swelling

  • Women: Abnormal vaginal discharge (may have an odor)

  • Women: Painful urination

  • Women: Painful intercourse

  • Women: Bleeding between periods or after sex

  • Women: Abdominal or pelvic pain

  • Both Men and Women: Rectal pain, discharge, or bleeding if rectally infected

  • Both Men and Women: Sore throat if throat is infected

Antibiotics

Typically treated with oral antibiotics such as azithromycin (single dose) or doxycycline (a week-long course).

Partner Treatment

Sexual partners should also be tested and treated to prevent reinfection.

Abstinence

Avoid sexual activity until the infection is fully cleared and follow-up tests confirm eradication.

You should know

Untreated chlamydia can lead to serious health complications, including pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in women, which can cause infertility, and epididymitis in men. Seek medical care promptly if symptoms are present.

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